Effects of Two Personalized Dietary Strategies During a 2-year Intervention in Subjects With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Note: Data presented as mean (SD).
Abbreviations: AHA, American Heart Association; AIP, Atherogenic index of plasma; BMI, Body Mass Index; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; FLiO, Fatty Liver in Obesity; HDL, High density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance; LDL, Low density lipoprotein; NAFLD, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; SBP, Systolic blood pressure; TyG, Triglyceride-glucose index; VAT, Visceral adipose tissue.
Comparison within dietary groups (baseline vs 6, 12 and 24 mo):
*P < .05,
**P < .01,
***P < .001.
^†No significant differences were found at baseline between AHA and FLiO groups. Comparison of the changes between AHA and FLiO groups:
^aBaseline vs 6 mo.
^bBaseline vs 12 mo.
^cBaseline vs 24 mo.

Note: Data presented as mean (SD).
Abbreviations: AHA, American Heart Association; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; ARFI, Acoustic Radiation Force elastography; AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; FLI, Fatty Liver Index; FLiO, Fatty Liver in Obesity; GGT, Gamma-glutamyl transferase; HSI, Hepatic Steatosis Index; NAFLD, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; TE, Transient elastography.
Comparison within dietary groups (baseline vs 6, 12 and 24 mo):
*P < .05,
**P < .01,
***P < .001.
^†No significant differences were found at baseline between AHA and FLiO groups. Comparison of the changes between AHA and FLiO groups:
^aBaseline vs 6 mo.
^bBaseline vs 12 mo.
^cBaseline vs 24 mo.

Note: Data were presented as mean (SD).
Abbreviations: AHA, American Heart Association; FLiO, Fatty Liver in Obesity; MedDiet, Mediterranean diet; METs, Metabolic equivalent of the task; MUFA, Monounsaturated fatty acids; NAFLD, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; PA, Physical Activity; PUFA, Polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, Saturated fatty acids; TEV, Total energy value.
Comparison within dietary groups (baseline vs 6, 12 and 24 mo):
*P < .05,
**P < .01,
***P < .001.
^†No significant differences were found at baseline between AHA and FLiO groups. Comparison of the changes between AHA and FLiO groups:
^aBaseline vs 6 mo.
^bBaseline vs 12 mo.
^cBaseline vs 24 mo.

Authors and Disclosures

Bertha A. Marin-Alejandre¹, Irene Cantero¹, Nuria Perez-Diaz-del-Campo¹, Jose I. Monreal^2,3, Mariana Elorz^2,4, Jose I. Herrero^2,5,6, Alberto Benito-Boillos^2,4, Jorge Quiroga^2,6,7, Ana Martinez-Echeverria^2,8, Juan I. Uriz-Otano^2,8, Maria P. Huarte-Muniesa^2,8, Josep A. Tur^9,10, Jose A. Martinez^1,2,10, Itziar Abete^1,2,10 and Maria A. Zulet<sup>1,2,10

1</sup>Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
²Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
³Clinical Chemistry Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
⁴Department of Radiology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
⁵Liver Unit, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
⁶Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
⁷Department of Internal Medicine, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
⁸Department of Gastroenterology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
⁹Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & Balearic Islands Institute for Health Research (IDISBA), Palma, Spain
¹⁰Biomedical Research Centre Network in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

Correspondence
Maria A. Zulet, 1Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology and Centre for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Email: mazulet@unav.es

Conflict Of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Itziar Abete and Maria A. Zulet contributed equally.

Sidebar

Key Points

1. AHA and FLiO diets were able to improve body weight, body composition, metabolic and hepatic status within a 2-year follow-up.

2. These findings suggest that both strategies are suitable alternatives for the management of NAFLD

3. FLiO strategy may provide more persistent benefits in metabolic and hepatic parameters.